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264 lines
8.1 KiB
264 lines
8.1 KiB
###  Python Programming
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<!---
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This assignment was developed by Brandi
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Questions? Comments?
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1. Log an issue to this repo to alert me of a problem.
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2. Suggest an edit yourself by forking this repo, making edits, and submitting a pull request with your changes back to our master branch.
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3. Hit me up on Slack @brandib.
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--->
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# Python Basics: Practice Problems
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In this homework, you're going to write code for a few problems.
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You will practice these programming concepts we've covered in class:
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* Declaring and using variables.
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* Using mathematical operators.
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* Using string concatenation.
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* Storing data in lists.
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* Using built-in list functions (e.g., `max`, `min`, `sum`).
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* Using loops to go through data inside lists.
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---
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## Deliverables
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For each of the challenges listed below, you will create a new `.py` file and write code to solve the problem. For example, you would create `problem1.py` with your solution code to the first problem. Run the file from the command line to check your work.
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*Reminder: On your laptop, you can run the file from your command line with the following command:*
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```python
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python problem1.py
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```
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> **Hint:** Make sure you are printing something out with the `print` statement. Otherwise, you won't see any output from running your program!
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## Requirements:
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* By the end of this, you should have six different `.py` files (one for each problem).
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* If you attempt the bonus, you will have a seventh `.py` file.
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---
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# Homework Problems
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## Problem 1: Can You Repeat Yourself Repeat Yourself?
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### Skill you're practicing: Writing loops.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem1.py`.
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Create a string variable named `statement` and numerical variable named `num`. Underneath that, write a loop that prints the `statement` some `num` of times to the console.
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#### Example 1:
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```python
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statement = "Hello World"
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num = 3
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# Your loop here
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```
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#### Example 1, expected output:
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```
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Hello World
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Hello World
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Hello World
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```
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This should work, no matter the values of `statement` and `num`. For example, if you change the value of `num` to `4` instead of `3`, when you run your code in the terminal again, it should then print your statement four times instead of three. Likewise, if you change the value of `statement`, the text in the output should change.
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#### Example 2:
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```python
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statement = "Hi there"
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num = 4
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# Your loop here
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```
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#### Example 2, expected output:
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```
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Hi there
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Hi there
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Hi there
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Hi there
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```
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---
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## Problem 2: I Got Chills, They're Multiplyin'
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### Skill you're practicing: Using mathematical operators and writing loops.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem2.py`.
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Declare a number named `num` and a list of numbers named `num_list`. Put two or more numbers in `num_list` (our example below has a list length of `4`). Go through each element in `num_list` and multiply the number in the list by `num`, printing the resulting new list.
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#### Example code:
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```
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num = 5
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my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
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# Your solution here
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```
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#### Expected output:
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```
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[5, 10, 15, 20]
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```
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This should work, no matter the values of `num` and `my_list`.
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> **Hint:** You'll want to apply your knowledge of lists here. How do you access each item in a list? How do you assign a value at a specific location in the list? Refer to the class notes if you've forgotten exactly how to do these things.
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---
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## Problem 3: REVERSE! — !ESREVER
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### Skill you're practicing: Using I/O, manipulating strings, and writing loops.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem3.py`.
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Reverse a string manually, printing the result. Create a new variable storing an empty string and add the letters from the first string one by one. The `for` loop should iterate over the length of the string and access letters individually.
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#### Example:
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```
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# <Input Prompt:> Enter a word or sentence, please.
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# <User Input:> reverse_me
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# Your expected program output:
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em_esrever
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```
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> **Hint:** You can receive direct user input by using the `input` function. For example:
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```python
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user_entry = input('Please enter your favorite number')
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# user_entry now holds whatever the user typed in!
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```
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> **Note:** While there is an awesome shortcut to reverse strings, `s[::-1]`, don't use it — practice writing out the code instead.
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---
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## Problem 4: Calc U Later
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### Skill you're Practicing: Using I/O and control flow.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem4.py`.
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Create a simple calculator that first asks the user what method they would like to use (`add` for addition, `sub` for subtraction, `mult` for multiplication, or `div` for division), then asks the user for two numbers. Your program will print the result of the method with the two numbers. Here is a sample prompt:
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```
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# <Input Prompt:> What calculation would you like to do? (add, sub, mult, div)
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# <User Input:> add
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# <Input Prompt:> What is number 1?
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# <User Input:> 3
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# <Input Prompt:> What is number 2?
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# <User Input:> 6
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# Your expected program output:
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Your result is 9. Calc U later!
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```
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> **Hint:** By default, Python sets user input to a string. If the user types `2` into the prompt, the value your variable holds will be the string `"2"`! To avoid that, you can use `int()`, as shown in the second example below.
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```python
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# Wrong for numbers — Python saves a STRING!
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# This will work for the user entering `"add"`, `"sub"`, `"mult"`, or `"div"`, but not for numbers.
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my_num = input("Please enter a number.")
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# Correct for numbers — Python saves a NUMBER!
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# This is how you should request the number from the user:
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my_num = int(input("Please enter a number."))
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```
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----------------
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## Problem 5: Say Hello to My Little Friend
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### Skill you're practicing: Writing functions.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem5.py`.
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Write a function called `say_hi` that prints out your favorite greeting!
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> **Hint:** Remember that a function does not run its code until it is *called*. You can call a function by putting parentheses at the end of the function name, as in the example below:
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```python
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# greeting_function gets written here.
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# The following line CALLS or runs the function.
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greeting_function()
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```
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----------------
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## Problem 6: Loops and Froot Loops
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### Skill you're practicing: Using lists, functions, and loops.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem6.py`.
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Declare a list called `breakfast` and fill it with at least three examples of breakfast cereals (e.g., `"Wheaties"`, `"Froot Loops"`, etc.). Then, write a function called `cereal_time`. This function should loop through your `breakfast` list and print that each of the cereals you chose with `"are yummy!"`.
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#### Example starter code:
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```python
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breakfast = ["Froot Loops", "Wheaties", "Cap'n Crunch"]
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# Your function
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# Call your function.
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```
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#### Example Output:
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```
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Froot Loops are yummy!
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Wheaties are yummy!
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Cap'n Crunch are yummy!
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```
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----------------
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## BONUS: Problem 7: Pluralizer (Optional, But Fun!)
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### Skill you're practicing: String manipulation.
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For this problem, put your solution code into a file named `problem7.py`.
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If you take a look at the last problem's sample output, you'll notice that the last sentence, `Capt'n Crunch are yummy!`, doesn't quite make sense. What would make more sense is the phrase `Cap'n Crunch **is** yummy!`.
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It would be better to look at whether or not the cereal name ends in an `s` and determine from there whether the rest of the sentence should be pluralized ("are") or singular ("is").
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Your task is to alter the answer to the previous problem such that, if the last letter of the cereal string is `s`, it prints `are yummy!`, and if it ends in any other character, it prints `is yummy!`.
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> **Hint:** You can access the last character in a string with the following code:
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```python
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my_str = "Wheaties"
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last_letter = my_str[-1]
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```
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#### Altered example output:
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```
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Froot Loops are yummy!
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Wheaties are yummy!
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Cap'n Crunch is yummy!
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```
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----------------
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## Last, But Not Least!
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Take a deep breath. You've finished! You've earned some relaxation.
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